Leith in historic gazetteers

Gazetteer of the British Isles (Edinburgh: Bartholomew, 1887). John Bartholomew

Leith, parl. burgh, seaport, and manufacturing town, in Cramond, North Leith, St Cuthberts, and South Leith pars., Edinburghshire, on S. side of Firth of Forth, 1½ mile N. of centre of Edinburgh - parl. burgh, pop. 58,196; town, pop. 59,485; 7 Banks, 3 news-papers. Marketday, Wednesday. Leith is divided by the Water of Leith into two parts, called North Leith and South Leith. It is connected with Edinburgh, (of which it is the port) by Leith Walk and other lines of streets, and by railway and tramway. Leith is first mentioned, in a charter of 1128, as Inverleith. It early rose to commercial importance, but suffered repeatedly by war. Leith is the chief seaport on the E. coast of Scotland, and has a splendid roadstead and extensive docks. (On the E. pier are two fixed lights, each seen 8 miles, and at the extremity of the W. pier is a fixed light seen 10 miles.) It carries on a large foreign, colonial, and coasting trade, and has regular steam communication with London, Hull, Newcastle, Aberdeen, Orkney and Shetland, and the Baltic ports. In 1880 a line of cargo-carrying steamers began to run to New York. (For shipping statistics, see Appendix.) The industrial establishments include shipbuilding-yards, sawmills, flour mills, sugar refineries, engineering works, breweries, distilleries, chemical works, &c. Leith is the head of one of the 25 fishery districts of Scotland. On the SE. side of the town are extensive golfing links. Leith Fort (1779) is the headquarters of the Royal Artillery in Scotland. The Leith District of Parliamentary Burghs (Leith, Portobello, and Musselburgh, all in Mid-Lothian) returns 1 member.